Project-based learning (PBL) is a dynamic instructional approach that immerses students in real-world projects, fostering active engagement, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills. It transforms the traditional classroom environment by shifting the focus from memorizing facts to applying knowledge in open-ended projects that help students design in 21st-century teaching and learning environments. PBL enhances student engagement, participation, and academic performance. The ADDIE model is a systematic instructional design framework for Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. When applied to PBL, the ADDIE model can enhance the effectiveness of PBL initiatives by providing a structured approach to planning and executing projects. The ASSURE model is an instructional design framework that focuses on creating effective training programs by catering to learners through technology.
